Constellation Diagram of PSK in Detail

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Constellation Diagram of PSK in Detail

Fig 1: Constellation Diagram of PSK

In the above figure, the binary bit '1' is represented by S1(t) and the binary bit '0' by S2(t), respectively.

So, energy of S1(t) = (√(Eb))2 = Eb
So, energy of S2(t) = (-√(Eb))2 = Eb

Distance between the signaling points, d12 = 2(√(Eb))

Energy per bit for binary '1' and binary '0'

High-order PSK (e.g., 8 PSK, 16 PSK) can transmit more bits per symbol but is more sensitive to noise. Low-order PSK (e.g., BPSK, QPSK) is less susceptible to noise.
PSK modulation can be visualized using a constellation diagram, where each point represents a symbol. In the presence of noise, points may be away from the original positions, making them harder to distinguish.

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