Skip to main content

MATLAB Code for Rms Delay Spread


RMS delay spread is crucial when you need to know how much the signal is dispersed in time due to multipath propagation, the spread (variance) around the average. In high-data-rate systems like LTE, 5G, or Wi-Fi, even small time dispersions can cause ISI. RMS delay spread is directly related to the amount of ISI in such systems.

RMS Delay Spread [↗]

Delay Spread Calculator



 

The above calculator

  1. Converts Power to Linear Scale: It correctly converts the power values from decibels (dB) to a linear scale.
  2. Calculates Mean Delay: It accurately computes the mean excess delay, which is the first moment of the power delay profile.
  3. Calculates RMS Delay Spread: It correctly calculates the RMS delay spread, defined as the square root of the second central moment of the power delay profile.
 

MATLAB Code 

clc;
clear all;
close all;

% Define a practical channel based on a Tapped Delay Line (TDL) model
% This replaces the unrealistic 'randn' signal.
delays_ns = [0, 50, 120];         % Delays of each path in nanoseconds
powers_dB = [0, -3.0, -8.0];       % Power of each path in decibels

% Convert powers from dB to linear scale
powers_linear = 10.^(powers_dB / 10);

% --- Correct Calculation of RMS Delay Spread ---

% 1. Calculate the total power (sum of linear powers)
total_power = sum(powers_linear);

% 2. Calculate the Mean Excess Delay (power-weighted average delay)
mean_delay = sum(delays_ns .* powers_linear) / total_power;

% 3. Calculate the RMS Delay Spread (power-weighted standard deviation)
rms_delay_spread = sqrt(sum(((delays_ns - mean_delay).^2) .* powers_linear) / total_power);


% --- Visualization ---

% For a clearer plot, we can create a simple impulse response representation


figure;
stem(delays_ns, powers_linear, 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Power Delay Profile of a Practical Channel');
xlabel('Delay (ns)');
ylabel('Linear Power');
grid on;
ax = gca;
ax.XAxis.Limits = [-10, 150]; % Adjust axis for better visibility


% --- Display the Results ---

fprintf('Using the practical TDL model:\n');
fprintf('Mean Excess Delay: %.2f ns\n', mean_delay);
fprintf('RMS Delay Spread: %.2f ns\n', rms_delay_spread);

web('https://www.salimwireless.com/search?q=rms%20delay%20spread', '-browser'); 

Output

 

 
 
Using the practical Tapped Delay Line (TDL) model:
Mean Excess Delay: 26.56 ns
RMS Delay Spread: 37.75 ns

 

Further Reading



Contact Us

Name

Email *

Message *

Popular Posts

UGC NET Electronic Science Previous Year Question Papers with Solutions

Home / Engineering & Other Exams / UGC NET 2026 PYQ ⬇️ Download Papers and Solutions 📋 Exam Pattern 💡 Preparation Tips ❓ FAQs 📊 Exam Highlights: Electronic Science (88) Feature Details Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) ₹37,000 + HRA per month Eligibility M.Sc/M.Tech in Electronics (55%) Validity of Certificate JRF (3 Years) | Lectureship (Lifetime) 📥 Download UGC NET Electronics PDFs Complete collection of previous year question papers, answer keys and explanations for Subject Code 88. Start Downloading 📂 View All Question Papers June 2025 - Question Paper Download PDF June 2025 - Solved Paper + Explanation ...

OFDM Symbols and Subcarriers Explained

This article explains how OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols and subcarriers work. It covers modulation, mapping symbols to subcarriers, subcarrier frequency spacing, IFFT synthesis, cyclic prefix, and transmission. Step 1: Modulation First, modulate the input bitstream. For example, with 16-QAM , each group of 4 bits maps to one QAM symbol. Suppose we generate a sequence of QAM symbols: s0, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, …, s63 Step 2: Mapping Symbols to Subcarriers Assume N sub = 8 subcarriers. Each OFDM symbol in the frequency domain contains 8 QAM symbols (one per subcarrier): Mapping (example) OFDM symbol 1 → s0, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6, s7 OFDM symbol 2 → s8, s9, s10, s11, s12, s13, s14, s15 … OFDM sym...

Design of CMOS XOR/XNOR Gates

Design of CMOS XOR/XNOR Gates The semiconductor industry has experienced rapid integration of multimedia applications into mobile electronics, leading to very high integration density in CMOS VLSI. As operating frequencies increase, power consumption, speed, silicon area, and reliability become critical considerations. The XOR-XNOR circuits are fundamental building blocks in arithmetic circuits (Full Adders, Multipliers), compressors, comparators, parity checkers, code converters, error-detecting/correcting codes, and phase detectors. Their performance directly impacts the complex circuits they are used in. Design goals include full output voltage swing, low power consumption, reduced transistor count, minimal delay, and simultaneous non-skewed outputs. Static Logic (Static CMOS) Stat...

Online Simulator for ASK, FSK, and PSK Signal Generation

Interactive Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Tutorial and Simulator for ASK, FSK, and BPSK modulation techniques. Try our new Digital Signal Processing Simulator!   •   Interactive ASK, FSK, and BPSK tools updated for 2025. Start Now Digital Modulation Visualizer: ASK, FSK, & BPSK Simulator Learn and visualize binary modulation techniques (ASK, FSK, BPSK) in real-time with adjustable carrier and sampling parameters. Perfect for DSP students and engineers. 📡 ASK Simulator 📶 FSK Simulator 🎚️ BPSK Simulator 📚 More Topics ASK Modulator FSK Modulator BPSK Modulator More Topics 1. ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) Simulat...

MATLAB Code for MUSIC

  MATLAB Code clc; clear; close all ; %% Step 1: Define Parameters M = 8; % Number of array sensors d = 0.5; % Sensor spacing (lambda/2) K = 2; % Number of signals N = 200; % Number of snapshots theta = [-20 30]; % True signal angles (degrees) SNR = 10; % Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) fprintf( 'Step 1: Parameters Initialized\n' ); %% Step 2: Generate Signal Sources t = 1:N; s1 = exp(1j*2*pi*0.05*t); s2 = exp(1j*2*pi*0.1*t); S = [s1; s2]; figure; plot(real(S(1,:))) title( 'Signal 1 (Real Part)' ) xlabel( 'Samples' ) ylabel( 'Amplitude' ) figure; plot(real(S(2,:))) title( 'Signal 2 (Real Part)' ) xlabel( 'Samples' ) ylabel( 'Amplitude' ) fprintf( 'Step 2: Source Signals Generated\n' ); %% Step 3: Construct Steering Matrix A = zeros(M,K); for k = 1:K A(:,k) = exp(-1j*2*pi*d*(0:M-1)'*sin(theta(k)*pi/180)); end fprintf( 'Step 3: Steering Matr...

Interactive Eye Diagram & ISI Simulator: Visualizing Signal Integrity

Interactive Eye Diagram & Noise Margin Filter Roll-off (α) α = 0.4 Noise Level Bitstream (TX) Stage 1: Components (Click Legend to Hide/Show) Stage 2: Composite Signal Stage 3: The Eye (Annotated Analysis) Simulation Workflow 1. Pulse Mapping: Each bit a[k] is mapped to a pulse shape p(t) . We use the Raised Cosine filter, which is the standard for bandwidth-limited communication. Clicking the legend above removes a specific bit's contribution to show how it affects the neighbors. 2. Linear Superposition: The total signal x(t) is the sum of all individual pulses shifted by the symbol period T . This "Combined Waveform" shows how pulses "bleed" into each other, cre...

Direction of Arrival (DoA) Online Simulator (using MUSIC)

Interactive DOA Simulator X-axis XY angle (deg): 45 XZ angle (deg): 30 Noise: 0.05 Y-axis XY angle (deg): 60 YZ angle (deg): 45 Noise: 0.05 Z-axis XZ angle (deg): 60 YZ angle (deg): 30 Noise: 0.05 Estimated DOA (deg): 0 Simulation Workflow and Mathematical Background This simulator demonstrates Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation using three-axis sensor signals (X, Y, Z), Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) , and the MUSIC algorithm . It allows interactive control of signal angles and noise for teaching purposes. 1. Signal Generation A pure sinewave signal of frequency f is projected onto three axes using user-defined angles in different planes: X-axis: θ XY , θ XZ Y-axis: θ XY , θ YZ Z-axis: θ XZ , θ YZ Mathematically, for each time sample t : x(t) = s(t) * cos(θ_xy_x) * cos(θ_xz_x) + n_x(t) y(t) = s(t) * sin(θ_xy_y) * cos(θ_yz_y) + n_y(t) z(t) = s(t) * sin(θ_xz_z) * sin(θ_yz_z) + n_z(t) wh...