Skip to main content

Difference between 4G and 5G technology | In the context of Frequency, Bandwidth ...


  • 5G
  • 4G vs. 5G
    •

 

The differences in Operating Frequencies & Bandwidth (4G vs. 5G):

We know that these 4G LTE operational frequency was between a few huna hundred 4 GHz. However, in the case of 5G, extremely high frequencies (EHF) or millimeter wave frequencies will be used. The 5G spectrum spans 26 to 100 GHz. However, in some countries, 5G is now based at frequencies below 6 GHz or sub 6 GHz (or below 6 GHz band).


The possible peak bandwidth for 5G will be several gigahertz, which is significantly more than the bandwidth available for 4G.


MIMO in 4G LTE v/s Massive MIMO in 5G:

MIMO technology was employed in 4G LTE; however, in 5G, massive MIMO technology is used for faster data rates and better spectral efficiency. Massive MIMO is useful for spatial multiplexing and narrow beam production. A narrow beam can cover more distance with the same energy than a wider beam.


Cell concept in 4G v/s 5G:

When addressing 5G, we must consider network densification. We shall discuss ultra-dense networks in this article. Because 5G has an extensive spectrum resource and the number of connected devices is rapidly growing, it fulfills the demands. 5G can support thousands of devices per square kilometer wh, ere 4G can connect hundreds of devices. In compComparedLTE, 5G cell coverage will be limited. It is also known as a 5G microcell. 



People are good at skipping over material they already know!

View Related Topics to







Contact Us

Name

Email *

Message *

Popular Posts

How to use MATLAB Simulink

Introduction to MATLAB Simulink MATLAB Simulink is a popular add-on of MATLAB. Here, you can use different blocks like modulator, demodulator, AWGN channel, etc. And you can do experiments on your own. Steps to Get Started 1. Go to the 'Simulink' tab at the top navbar of MATLAB. If not found, click on the add-on tab, search 'Simulink,' and then click on it to add. 2. Once you installed the simulation, click the 'new' tap at the top left corner. 3. Then, search the required blocks in the 'Simulink library.' Then, drag it to the editor space. 4. You can double-click on the blocks to see the input parameters. 5. Then, connect the blocks by dragging a line from one block's output terminal to another block's input. 6. If the connection is complete, click the 'run' tab in the middle of the top navbar. 7. After clicking on the run ...
Read more

Theoretical BER vs SNR for binary ASK, FSK, and PSK with MATLAB Code + Simulator

📘 Overview & Theory 🧮 MATLAB Codes 📚 Further Reading Bit Error Rate (BER) Equations In ASK, noise directly affects the signal amplitude, making it the most vulnerable since the data is carried in amplitude changes. In FSK, data is represented by frequency variations, and because noise typically impacts amplitude more than frequency, FSK is more robust than ASK. In PSK, data is encoded in the signal phase, and BPSK specifically uses 180-degree phase shifts, creating the greatest separation between signal points and therefore achieving the lowest bit error rate (BER) for the same power level. BER formulas for ASK, FSK, and PSK modulation schemes. ASK BER = 0.5 × erfc(0.5 × √SNR) FSK BER = 0.5 × erfc(√(SNR / 2)) PSK BER = 0.5 × erfc(√SNR) erfc / Q-func...
Read more

BER vs SNR for M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK, BPSK, ...(MATLAB Code + Simulator)

Bit Error Rate (BER) & SNR Guide Analyze communication system performance with our interactive simulators and MATLAB tools. 📘 Theory 🧮 Simulators 💻 MATLAB Code 📚 Resources BER Definition SNR Formula BER Calculator MATLAB Comparison 📂 Explore M-ary QAM, PSK, and QPSK Topics ▼ 🧮 Constellation Simulator: M-ary QAM 🧮 Constellation Simulator: M-ary PSK 🧮 BER calculation for ASK, FSK, and PSK 🧮 Approaches to BER vs SNR What is Bit Error Rate (BER)? The BER indicates how many corrupted bits are received compared to the total number of bits sent. It is the primary figure of merit for a...
Read more

Theoretical vs. simulated BER vs. SNR for ASK, FSK, and PSK (MATLAB Code + Simulator)

📘 Overview 🧮 Simulator 💻 Theoretical Code 📊 Simulated Code 📚 Resources Overview BER vs. SNR denotes how many bits in error are received for a given signal-to-noise ratio, typically measured in dB. Common noise types in wireless systems: 🚀 1. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) 🌊 2. Rayleigh Fading AWGN adds random noise; Rayleigh fading attenuates the signal variably. A good SNR helps reduce these effects. Bit Error Rate (BER) Equations BER formulas for ASK, FSK, and PSK modulation schemes. ASK BER = 0.5 × erfc(0.5 × √SNR) FSK BER = 0.5 × erfc(√(SNR / 2)) PSK BER = 0.5 × erfc(√SNR) erfc / Q-function (Click here) Live BER S...
Read more

Constellation Diagrams of ASK, PSK, and FSK (with MATLAB Code + Simulator)

Constellation Diagrams: ASK, FSK, and PSK Comprehensive guide to signal space representation, including interactive simulators and MATLAB implementations. 📘 Overview 🧮 Simulator ⚖️ Theory 📚 Resources Definitions Constellation Tool Key Points MATLAB Code 📂 Other Topics: M-ary PSK & QAM Diagrams ▼ 🧮 Simulator for M-ary PSK Constellation 🧮 Simulator for M-ary QAM Constellation BASK (Binary ASK) Modulation Transmits one of two signals: 0 or -√Eb, where Eb​ is the energy per bit. These signals represent binary 0 and 1. BFSK (Binary FSK) Modulation Transmits on...
Read more

Online Simulator for ASK, FSK, and PSK

Try our new Digital Signal Processing Simulator!   •   Interactive ASK, FSK, and BPSK tools updated for 2025. Start Now Interactive Modulation Simulators Visualize binary modulation techniques (ASK, FSK, BPSK) in real-time with adjustable carrier and sampling parameters. 📡 ASK Simulator 📶 FSK Simulator 🎚️ BPSK Simulator 📚 More Topics ASK Modulator FSK Modulator BPSK Modulator More Topics Simulator for Binary ASK Modulation Digital Message Bits Carrier Freq (Hz) Sampl...
Read more

OFDM Waveform with MATLAB Code (with Simulator)

  In OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) , we transmit multiple orthogonal subcarriers simultaneously. Since the subcarriers are orthogonal , they do not interfere with each other, which is one of the main advantages of OFDM. Practically, OFDM converts a wideband signal into multiple narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. For typical wireless communication, if the signal bandwidth (or symbol duration) exceeds the coherence bandwidth of the channel, the signal experiences frequency-selective fading . Fading distorts the signal, making it difficult to recover the original information. By using OFDM, we transmit the same wideband signal across multiple orthogonal narrowband subcarriers, reducing the effect of fading. For example, if we want to transmit a signal of bandwidth 1024 kHz , we can divide it into N = 8 subcarriers . Each subcarrier is then spaced by: Δf = Total Bandwidth N = 1024 8 kHz...
Read more

UGC NET Electronic Science Previous Year Question Papers

Home / Engineering & Other Exams / UGC NET 2022 PYQ 📥 Download UGC NET Electronics PDFs Complete collection of previous year question papers, answer keys and explanations for Subject Code 88. Start Downloading UGC-NET (Electronics Science, Subject code: 88) Subject_Code : 88; Department : Electronic Science; 📂 View All Question Papers Q. UGC Net Electronic Science Question Paper [June 2025] A. UGC Net Electronic Science Question Paper With Answer Key Download Pdf [June 2025] with full explanation Q. UGC Net Electronic Science Question Paper [December 2024] A. UGC Net Electronic Science Question Paper With Answer Key Download Pdf [December 2024] Q. UGC Net Electronic Science Question Paper [Aug 2024] A. UGC Net Electronic Scien...
Read more